Do Women Have Rights to Ancestral Property?

Know the Law: Do Women Have Rights to Ancestral Property?


The laws and regulations of a society can reveal the direction in which that society is heading. By studying human history, we can see that as societies evolve, their laws and regulations also change. However, legal awareness, especially among women, has not yet fully developed.


When societies started evolving, crimes began to occur. Laws were framed to unify and protect the society. However, legal awareness remains low even today. Particularly for women, understanding basic laws can increase their confidence, courage, and maturity to face challenges.


Do Women Have a Share in Property?


Many people are generally aware that women have a share in property just like men. However, not many women today know the specifics of their legal rights. Our legal predecessors and governments have enacted several good laws for women's property rights.


What Are the Property Rights for Women?

At one time, it was believed that only the jewelry and dowry given at the time of marriage constituted a woman's property. However, the Hindu Succession Act of 1956 established property rights for women. Before this act, there was the Hindu Women's Property Rights Act, which only allowed women the right to stay in their parental home but gave no property rights. The dowry given from the parental home was considered the only property of women.

On July 4, 1956, the Hindu Succession Act was enacted, stating that women have a share in property. For example, if a Hindu man has a wife, two sons, and three daughters, and if the man dies, his property will be equally distributed among his wife, sons, and daughters. All have equal rights. Subsequent amendments were made to the 1956 Act, with notable changes in 1989.

However, the significant clarity came with the law introduced by the central government on September 9, 2005. Let's explore these details further.


What Are the Types of Properties?

Before understanding property rights, it is essential to know the types of properties and their definitions. Properties inherited from grandparents and great-grandparents are known as ancestral properties. The law defines these as ancestral properties.

However, properties acquired by an individual through personal earnings during their lifetime are considered personal properties. The individual has full rights to enjoy and dispose of such properties according to their will. The law defines these as personal properties.


What Is Partition?

"Partition" is known as an excellent movie directed by Bheem Singh, starring Sivaji Ganesan. But in legal terms, partition refers to the division of ancestral properties among the rightful heirs according to the law.

Only ancestral properties can be subjected to partition. Personal properties, on the other hand, remain under the control and discretion of the individual who acquired them.